Excretion refers to:

Excretion refers to:

• A. Absorption
• B. Distribution
• C. Metabolism
• D. Excretion

Answer: (D)

Excretion refers to the elimination of a drug and its metabolites from the body. In pharmacokinetics, the four main processes are absorption (how the drug enters the bloodstream), distribution (how it moves through body compartments), metabolism (how the body chemically transforms the drug), and excretion (how the drug and its metabolites are removed from the body). Excretion occurs through routes like the kidneys (urine), liver (bile/feces), and, for volatile substances, the lungs, as well as smaller routes such as sweat or milk. Some drugs are excreted unchanged, others as metabolites after metabolism has increased their water solubility. The other terms describe entry, spread, or chemical alteration of the drug, not its elimination.

Excretion refers to the elimination of a drug and its metabolites from the body. In pharmacokinetics, the four main processes are absorption (how the drug enters the bloodstream), distribution (how it moves through body compartments), metabolism (how the body chemically transforms the drug), and excretion (how the drug and its metabolites are removed from the body). Excretion occurs through routes like the kidneys (urine), liver (bile/feces), and, for volatile substances, the lungs, as well as smaller routes such as sweat or milk. Some drugs are excreted unchanged, others as metabolites after metabolism has increased their water solubility. The other terms describe entry, spread, or chemical alteration of the drug, not its elimination.